Atoms are composed of three particles with an electric charge: electrons, protons and uncharged neutrons. Electrons have a negative charge, and protons have a positive charge. The negative charge of ...

Students learn to distinguish between scalar and vector quantities. Introduction to Vectors: Students learn to distinguish between scalar and vector quantities and how to state the magnitude and ...

THIS “Introduction to Vector-methods and their Various Applications to Physics and Mathematics” is an exposition of the late Willard Gibbs' vector analysis. The author in his preface warns us that “no ...

Abstract: This tutorial follows and completes a previous work concerning how to solve the factors of ambiguity intrinsic in the definition of rotation matrices, to describe the relative orientation of ...